تخمین نیروی عکس‌العمل مفصل زانو با استفاده از آزمون های حرکتی پایه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترا، گروه حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه ارتوپدی فنی، دانشکده علوم توانبخشی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: غربالگری حرکات عملکردی، یک روش ارزیابی حرکتی برای شناخت ریسک فاکتورها و تشخیص آسیب­ ها می ­باشد. از آن­جا که یکی از مهم­ترین عوامل آسیب، نیروی عکس ­العمل مفصل می ­باشد بنابراین هدف تحقیق حاضر، تعیین آزمون ­هایی است که با این نیرو ارتباط بیشتری دارند.
روش ­بررسی: نمونه تحقیق شامل 36 پسر 25-18 سال بود که بر حسب رتبه درصدی از آزمون غربالگری حرکات عملکردی انتخاب شدند. سن، قد، و وزن آزمودنی ­ها به­ ترتیب 94/2± 88/21 سال، 71/7± 57/179 سانتی­متر و 85/11±67/72 کیلوگرم بود. فرود آزمودنی در آزمایشگاه با استفاده از سیستم ضبط حرکت، ثبت شد و بر اساس سیستم امتیازدهی خطای فرود، نمره‌ گذاری شد. سپس نیروی عکس‌العمل مفصل زانو با استفاده از نرم‌افزار OpenSim محاسبه شد. نمره آزمودنی ­ها در آزمون‌های عملکردی اسکات تک­پا، تعادل پویای Y، و سیستم امتیازدهی خطای فرود در زمان واقعی نیز ثبت شد. از روش تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه برای تعیین آزمون‌هایی که ارتباط بیشتری با نیروی عکس ­العمل مفصل زانو دارند، استفاده شد.
یافته ­ها: نتایج نشان داد که آزمون سیستم امتیازدهی خطای فرود به­طور معناداری (000/0p≤، 91/0ADJR2=) نیروی عکس­العمل مفصل زانو را پیش ­بینی می­ کند.
نتیجه ­گیری: مهم­ترین شاخص برای میزان نیروی عکس‌العمل مفصل زانو در گروه سنی مورد تحقیق، تکنیک پرش می­ باشد. بنابراین می‌توان از نمره این آزمون یا در حقیقت تکنیک پرش برای تخمین نیروی عکس ­العمل مفصل زانو و در نتیجه پیش­بینی آسیب فرود استفاده کرد. 

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