Comparison of Different Angles of the Knee Joint on the Activation of Selected Hip Muscles in the Movement of the Supine Bridge

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Health and Rehabilitation in Sport, Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aim: Changing the knee flexion angle and using unstable devices are some ways to change the activity of the hip and trunk extensors in supine bridge exercise. The present study intends to compare the effect of different knee flexion angles in bridge exercise at the unstable surface on the activation of selected muscles of young male soccer players.
Materials and Methods: Eighteen young players performed one-session bridge exercises on a Bosu ball on full-extension (0°), 45°, and 90° of knee flexion, and electromyography was used to assess the amount and the onset of activity in selected hip muscles.
Results: The results showed a significant difference in the electrical activity of Semitendinosus, Biceps Femoris, Gluteus Maximus, and Gluteus Medius at different knee angles (P=0.001). Furthermore, Even the results showed a significant difference in the onset of Gluteus Medius muscle activity at different knee angles (P=0.005), but the difference was not significant in the onset of Semitendinosus muscles (P=0.52), Biceps Femoris (P=0.12) and Gluteus Maximus (P=0.40) at different knee angles.
Conclusion: For strengthening the Hamstrings, bridge exercise with less knee flexion angles and for reinforcing the Gluteal muscles, bridge exercise with more knee flexion angles showed more effectiveness. Additionally, results have shown that performing bridge exercises on Bosu Ball with 45° of knee flexion can activate the Gluteus Medius muscle faster. Therefore, based on the findings of this study, this exercise on different angles of the knee joint can be used for specific aims and by considering the individual needs.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Arumugam, A. Milosavljevic, S. Woodley, S. & Sole, G. (2012). “Can application of a pelvic belt change injured hamstring muscle activity?”. Medical hypotheses, 78(2), 277-282.
Baadjou, V. Roussel, N. Verbunt, J. Smeets, R. & de Bie, R. (2016). “Systematic review: risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders in musicians”. Occupational Medicine, 66(8), 614-622.
Baek, I.H. Goo, B.O. Cho, S.H. & Kim, K. H. (2012). "Comparison of trunk muscle activation ratios with different knee angles during a bridge exercise with/without an abdominal drawing-in maneuver." Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 24(12), 1273-1276.
Carter, J. M. Beam, W. C. McMahan, S. G. Barr, M. L. & Brown, L. E. (2006). “The effects of stability ball training on spinal stability in sedentary individuals". The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(2), 429-435.
Cichanowski, H. R. Schmitt, J. S. Johnson, R. J. & Neimuth, P. (2007). “Hip strength in collegiate female athletes with patellofemoral pain.” Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 39(8), 1227.
Ekstrom, R. A. Donatelli, R. A. & Carp, K. C. (2007). “ Electromyographic analysis of core trunk, hip, and thigh muscles during 9 rehabilitation exercises.” journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 37(12), 754-762.
Feldwieser, F. M. Sheeran, L. Meana-Esteban, A. & Sparkes, V. (2012). “Electromyographic analysis of trunk-muscle activity during stable, unstable and unilateral bridging exercises in healthy individuals”. European Spine Journal, 21(2), 171-186.
Fredericson, M. Cookingham, C. L. Chaudhari, A. M. Dowdell, B. C. Oestreicher, N. & Sahrmann, S. A. (2000). “Hip abductor weakness in distance runners with iliotibial band syndrome”. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 10(3), 169-175.
Friel, K. McLean, N. Myers, C. & Caceres, M. (2006). “Ipsilateral hip abductor weakness after inversion ankle sprain”.  Journal of athletic training, 41(1), 74.
Fulkerson, J. P. (2002). “Diagnosis and treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain.” The American journal of sports medicine, 30(3), 447-456.
Green, B. & Pizzari, T. (2017). “Calf muscle strain injuries in sport: a systematic review of risk factors for injury.” British journal of sports medicine, 51(16), 1189-1194.
Griffin, L. Y. Albohm, M. J. Arendt, E. A. Bahr, R. Beynnon, B. D. DeMaio, M. Hannafin, J. A. (2006). “Understanding and preventing noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a review of the Hunt Valley II meeting, January 2005.” The American journal of sports medicine, 34(9), 1512-1532.
Hermens, H. J. Freriks, B. Disselhorst-Klug, C. & Rau, G. (2000). “Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures.”  Journal of electromyography and Kinesiology, 10(5), 361-374.
Hewett, T. E. Myer, G. D. & Ford, K. R. (2006). “Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: Part 1, mechanisms and risk factors.” The American journal of sports medicine, 34(2), 299-311.
Hewett, T. E. Myer, G. D. Ford, K. R. Heidt Jr, R. S. Colosimo, A. J. McLean, S. G. Succop, P. (2005). “Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study.” The American journal of sports medicine, 33(4), 492-501.
Hislop, H. Avers, D. & Brown, M. (2013). Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing-E-Book: Techniques of manual examination and performance testing: Elsevier Health Sciences.
Ho, I. M. K. Ng, L. P. C. Lee, K. O. L. & Luk, T. C. J. (2020a). “Effects of knee flexion angles in supine bridge exercise on trunk and pelvic muscle activity.” Research in Sports Medicine, 28(4), 484-497.
Ho, I. M. K. Ng, L. P. C. Lee, K. O. L. & Luk, T. C. J. (2020b). “Effects of knee flexion angles in supine bridge exercise on trunk and pelvic muscle activity”. Research in Sports Medicine, 1-14.
Imai, A. Kaneoka, K. Okubo, Y. Shiina, I. Tatsumura, M. Izumi, S. & Shiraki, H. (2010). “Trunk muscle activity during lumbar stabilization exercises on both a stable and unstable surface”. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 40(6), 369-375.
Ireland, M. L. (2002). “The female ACL: why is it more prone to injury?”. Orthopedic Clinics, 33(4), 637-651.
Ireland, M. L. Willson, J. D. Ballantyne, B. T. & Davis, I. M. (2003). “Hip strength in females with and without patellofemoral pain”. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 33(11), 671-676.
Jang, E.M. Kim, M.H. & Oh, J.S. (2013). “Effects of a bridging exercise with hip adduction on the EMG activities of the abdominal and hip extensor muscles in females”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 25(9), 1147-1149.
Kang, S.Y. Jeon, H.S. Kwon, O. Cynn, H.s. & Choi, B. (2013). “Activation of the gluteus maximus and hamstring muscles during prone hip extension with knee flexion in three hip abduction positions”. Manual therapy, 18(4), 303-307.
Kang, T. Lee, J. Seo, J. & Han, D. (2017). “The effect of bridge exercise method on the strength of rectus abdominis muscle and the muscle activity of paraspinal muscles while doing treadmill walking with high heels”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 29(4), 707-712.
Kendall, F. P. McCreary, E. K. Provance, P. G. Rodgers, M. & Romani, W. A. (2005).  Muscles: testing and function with posture and pain. Philadelphia PA, 212-213.
Kim, B. J. & Lee, J. H. (2015). “The effects of the angles of the knee and heel-off on the muscle activity during a bridge exercise.” 10(3), 313-318.
Kim, J. & Park, M. (2016). “Changes in the activity of trunk and hip extensor muscles during bridge exercises with variations in unilateral knee joint angle”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(9), 2537-2540.
Kim, J. W. Hwang, B. J. & Choi, Y. R. (2013). “Comparison of muscle activity of lower limbs in bridging exercise according to knee joint angle.” Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research, 4(2), 595-599.
Kim, K.h. Park, R.j. Jang, J.h. Lee, W.h. & Ki, K.i. (2010). “The effect of trunk muscle activity on bridging exercise according to the knee joint angle.” Journal of Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 5(3), 405-412.
Kim, M.K. & Yoo, K.T. (2017). “The effects of open and closed kinetic chain exercises on the static and dynamic balance of the ankle joints in young healthy women.” Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 29(5), 845-850.
Kisner, C. Colby, L. A. & Borstad, J. (2017). Therapeutic exercise: foundations and techniques: Fa Davis.
Kobayashi, T. Tanaka, M. & Shida, M. (2016). “Intrinsic risk factors of lateral ankle sprain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.”Sports health, 8(2), 190-193.
Kong, Y. S. Cho, Y. H. & Park, J. W. (2013). “Changes in the activities of the trunk muscles in different kinds of bridging exercises.” Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 25(12), 1609-1612.
Lee, J.h. Cynn, H.S. Kwon, O.Y. Yi, C.H. Yoon, T.L. Choi, W.J. & Choi, S.A. (2014). “Different hip rotations influence hip abductor muscles activity during isometric side-lying hip abduction in subjects with gluteus medius weakness.”  Journal of electromyography and Kinesiology, 24(2), 318-324.
Lee, K.e. Baik, S.m. Yi, C.h. Kwon, O.y. & Cynn, H.s. (2021). “Electromyographic Analysis of Hip and Trunk Muscle Activity During Side Bridge Exercises in Subjects With Gluteus Medius Weakness.” Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 1(aop), 1-6.
Lee, S.K. Moon, D.C. Cho, H.R. & Kim, T.Y. (2013). “Effects of trunk and neck extensor muscle activity on the bridging exercise according to knee joint angle.” Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 25(4), 363-365.
Lee, S.Y. & Lee, S.K. (2012).“The impact of abductor and adductor contraction in a bridging exercise on muscle activities in of the abdominal region and the lower extremities.” Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 24(11), 1095-1097.
Lehecka, B. Edwards, M. Haverkamp, R. Martin, L. Porter, K. Thach, K. Hakansson, N. A. (2017). “Building a better gluteal bridge: Electromyographic analysis of hip muscle activity during modified single-leg bridges”. International journal of sports physical therapy, 12(4), 543.
Lehman, G. J. Hoda, W. & Oliver, S. (2005). “Trunk muscle activity during bridging exercises on and off a swissball”. Chiropractic & osteopathy, 13(1), 14.
Lim, O.b. & Kim, K.s. (2013).“Effects of different knee flexion angles according to three positions on abdominal and pelvic muscle activity during supine bridging”. Physical Therapy Korea, 20(4), 1-8.
Monajati, A. Larumbe-Zabala, E. Goss-Sampson, M. & Naclerio, F. (2017). “Analysis of the hamstring muscle activation during two injury prevention exercises”. Journal of human kinetics, 60(1), 29-37.
Murphy, D. (2006). Rehabilitation strategies in low back syndromes. Low Back Syndromes: Integrated Clinical Management.
O'Sullivan, S. B. Schmitz, T. J. & Fulk, G. (2019). Physical rehabilitation: FA Davis.
Pfeifer, C. E. Beattie, P. F. Sacko, R. S. & Hand, A. (2018). “Risk factors associated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review”. International journal of sports physical therapy, 13(4), 575.
Powers, C. M. (2003). “The influence of altered lower-extremity kinematics on patellofemoral joint dysfunction: a theoretical perspective”. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 33(11), 639-646.
Reinking, M. F. Austin, T. M. Richter, R. R. & Krieger, M. M. (2017). “Medial tibial stress syndrome in active individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors”. Sports health, 9(3), 252-261.
Robinson, R. L. & Nee, R. J. (2007). “Analysis of hip strength in females seeking physical therapy treatment for unilateral patellofemoral pain syndrome”. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 37(5), 232-238.
Rowe, J. Shafer, L. Kelley, K. West, N. Dunning, T. Smith, R. & Mattson, D. J. (2007). “Hip strength and knee pain in females”. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy: NAJSPT, 2(3), 164.
Sahrmann, S. (2001). Diagnosis and treatment of movement impairment syndromes: Elsevier Health Sciences.
Simenz, C. J. Garceau, L. R. Lutsch, B. N. Suchomel, T. J. & Ebben, W. P. (2012). “Electromyographical Analysis of Lower Extremity Muscle Activation During Variations of the Loaded Step-Up Exercise” The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(12), 3398-3405.
Vogt, L. & Banzer, W. (1997). “Dynamic testing of the motor stereotype in prone hip extension from neutral position”. Clinical Biomechanics, 12(2), 122-127.
Wilson, J. Ferris, E. Heckler, A. Maitland, L. & Taylor, C. (2005). “A structured review of the role of gluteus maximus in rehabilitation”. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy, 33(3).
Yoon, T. L. Cynn, H. S. Choi, S. A. Choi, W. J. Jeong, H. J. Lee, J. H. & Choi, B. S. (2015). “Trunk muscle activation during different quadruped stabilization exercises in individuals with chronic low back pain”. Physiotherapy Research International, 20(2), 126-132.
Youdas, J. W. Hartman, J. P. Murphy, B. A. Rundle, A. M. Ugorowski, J. M. & Hollman, J. H. (2017). “Electromyographic analysis of gluteus maximus and hamstring activity during the supine resisted hip extension exercise versus supine unilateral bridge to neutral”. Physiotherapy theory and practice, 33(2), 124-130.
Youngjoo Hong. (2009). Effects of the support surface condition on muscle activity of abdominalis and erector spinae during bridging exercise. Graduate School, Yonsei University,
Minoonejad, H., & Pourmahmoudian, P. (2016). “Comparison of the electromyography activity of gluteus medius in male and female athletes in single leg and double leg jump-Landing”. Journal for Research in Sport Rehabilitation, 4(8), 101-115. (In Persian)
Nazarian, A., Letafatkar, A., Barati, A., Jamshidi, A. A., & Abasi, A. (2016). “Effect of CST90 fatigue protocol on timing and electromyography activity of gluteus medius muscle of soccer players”.  Journal for Research in Sport Rehabilitation, 4(8), 11-20. (In Persian)
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics