Some factors affects on fallen risk between elderly

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the strength and range of motion of lower extremity between elderly women fallers and non-fallers.
Material and method: This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects were classified into two groups with a history of fall and no history of fall. Maximum isometric ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion muscle strengths and maximum isometric quadriceps strength were measured by using hand-held dynamometer. Passive ankle dorsiflexion and knee extension range of motion were measured by using universal goniometer. Independent t test was used for statistical analysis and was performed using SPSS.
Findings: The results showed that the maximum isometric strength of the quadriceps and ankle plantar flexor muscles, passive ankle dorsiflexion and knee extension ROM in elderly women with history of falls is significantly less than older women with no history of falls, while no significant difference in muscle strength of dorsiflexion was found.
Conclusion: It seems that decreased maximum isometric strength of the quadriceps and ankle plantar flexor muscles, knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion ROM are among the factors that play a role in the fall of elderly women over 65 years. Therefore, these factors should be taken into account while we develop corrective exercise and rehabilitation programs for this population.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

 
1 .          Ambrose AF, Paul G, Hausdorff JM. "Risk factors for falls among older adults: a review of the literature. Maturitas". Elsevier; 2013;75(1):51–61.
2.           Bonadies J, Sterling D. Geriatric falls. "injury severity is high and disproportionate to mechanism". J Trauma Acute Care Surg. LWW; 1998;45(6):1120.
3.           Carter N, O’Driscoll M. Life Begins at Forty!. "Should the route to promoting exercise in elderly people also start in their forties?" Physiotherapy. Elsevier; 2000;86(2):85–93.
4.           Christiansen CL. "The effects of hip and ankle stretching on gait function of older people". Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Elsevier; 2008;89(8):1421–8.
5.           Daubney ME, Culham EG. "Lower-extremity muscle force and balance performance in adults aged 65 years and older". Phys Ther. American Physical Therapy Association; 1999;79(12):1177–85.
6.           Faul MXL, Wald MM, Coronado VG. "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Injury Prevention and Control". 2010; care providers". Clin Interv Aging. Dove Medical Press; 2007;2(4):545.
7.           Holbein-Jenny MA, McDermott K, Shaw C, Demchak J. "Validity of functional stability limits as a measure of balance in adults aged 23–73 years. Ergonomics". Taylor & Francis; 2007;50(5):631–46.
8..          Hurley M V, Rees J, Newham DJ. "Quadriceps function, proprioceptive acuity and functional performance in healthy young, middle-aged and elderly subjects". Age Ageing. Br Geriatrics Soc; 1998;27(1):55–62.
9.           Jamebozorgi AA, Kavoosi A, Shafiee Z, Kahlaee AH, Raei M. "Investigation of the prevalent fall-related risk factors of fractures in elderly referred to Tehran hospitals". Med J Islam Repub Iran. Medical Journal of The Islamic Republic of Iran (MJIRI); 2013;27(1):23–30.
10.         Kerrigan DC, Lee LW, Collins JJ, Riley PO, Lipsitz LA. "Reduced hip extension during walking: healthy elderly and fallers versus young adults". Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Elsevier; 2001;82(1):26–30.
11.         LaRoche DP, Cremin KA, Greenleaf B, Croce R V. "Rapid torque development in older female fallers and nonfallers: a comparison across lower-extremity muscles". J Electromyogr Kinesiol. Elsevier; 2010;20(3):482–8.
12.         Melzer I, Benjuya N, Kaplanski J. "Postural stability in the elderly, A comparison between fallers and non-fallers". Age Ageing. Br Geriatrics Soc; 2004;33(6):602–7.
13.         Mion LC, Gregor S, Buettner M, Chwirchak D, Lee O, Paras W. "Falls in the rehabilitation setting: incidence and characteristics". Rehabil Nurs. Wiley Online Library; 1989;14(1):17–22.
14.         Norkin CC, White DJ." Measurement of joint motion", a guide to goniometry. FA Davis; 2009;10-20.
15.         Pijnappels M, Bobbert MF, van Dieën JH. "Push-off reactions in recovery after tripping discriminate young subjects, older non-fallers and older fallers". Gait Posture. Elsevier; 2005;21(4):388–94.
16.         Safavi  Bz, Zou AF."Determining risk factors associated with falling among elderly at residential care facilities in Tehran". The Journal of Qazvin University of medical sciences;2008.
17.         Schonnop R, Yang Y, Feldman F, Robinson E, Loughin M, Robinovitch SN. "Prevalence of and factors associated with head impact during falls in older adults in long-term care". Can Med Assoc J. Can Med Assoc; 2013;185(17):E803–10.
18.         Soriano TA, DeCherrie L V, Thomas DC." Falls in the community-dwelling older adult: a review for primary- care providers". Clin Interv Aging. Dove Medical Press; 2007;2(4):545.
19.         Skelton DA, Kennedy J, Rutherford OM. "Explosive power and asymmetry in leg muscle function in frequent fallers and non‐fallers aged over 65. Age Ageing". Br Geriatrics Soc; 2002;31(2):119–25.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics