تأثیرتمرینات عصبی عضلانی بر قدرت عضلات هیپ، ناحیه مرکزی و مکانیک‌های پرش ـ فرود در ورزشکاران با بازسازی رباط صلیبی قدامی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آسیب شناسی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانشیار،گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی ، دانشگاه اصفهان

3 استادیار ،گروه آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

4 جراح زانو، استادیار دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: شیوع بالای آسیب مجدد رباط بازسازی شده یکی از مسائل پیچیده پس از عمل جراحی است. هدف از تحقیق حاضر تأثیر تمرینات عصبی عضلانی بر قدرت عضلات هیپ، ناحیه مرکزی و مکانیک‌های پرش ـ فرود در ورزشکاران با بازسازی رباط صلیبی قدامی بود.
روش بررسی: تعداد 24 ورزشکار با سابقه بازسازی رباط صلیبی قدامی به صورت هدفمند و در دسترس انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه تجربی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. قبل و بعد از پروتکل تمرینات عصبی عضلانی (8 هفته، 3 جلسه در هفته) از هر دو گروه ارزیابی قدرت ایزومتریک عضلات هیپ، استقامت عضلات ناحیه مرکزی و مکانیک‌های پرش فرود به ترتیب با استفاده از دینامومتر ایزوکنتیک، آزمون‌های ثبات مرکزی مک گیل و پرسشنامه امتیازدهی خطای پرش- فرود به عمل آمد. اطلاعات با استفاده از آزمون تی همبسته و آزمون آنوا برای اندازه ­های تکراری در سطح معناداری (05/0P<) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.  
یافته­ ها: نتایج تغییرات درون گروهی گروه تجربی نشان داد که میزان قدرت ایزومتریک عضلات، استقامت عضلات ناحیه مرکزی و امتیاز خطای پرش ـ فرود در پس‌آزمون نسبت به پیش‌آزمون بهبود معنی‌داری داشت (05/0>P) که این تغییرات در گروه کنترل معنی دار نبود. همچنین تغییرات بین گروهی در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل در تمام متغیرها (05/0>P) تفاوت معناداری را نشان داد.
نتیجه ­گیری: براساس این نتایج می­ توان نتیجه گرفت که بخش­ های بالای زانو اثر قابل توجهی روی استراتژی‌های کنترل حرکتی دارد. آگاهی از این امر می­ تواند عاملی برای طراحی بهتر برنامه‌های تمرینی جلوگیری از آسیب ACL و همچنین برنامه­ های جلوگیری از آسیب مجدد باشد.

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